유준석 Jun-suk Ryu , 김성철 Seong-cheol Kim , 이효성 Hyo-sung Lee , 이창선 Chang-seon Lee , 김미경 Mi-kyong Kim

DOI:10.34262/kadd.2023.27.2.1 Vol.27(No.2) 1-20, 2023

This essay is to examine if the family connection type sex education program contributes to the positive changes to knowledge of sexual matters and a sexual attitude of middle school students with intellectual disabilities. The twenty middle school students-five students in preliminary study and fifteen students in main study-participated in this study which was carried out from March to November in 2018 by the help and cooperation of five parents of students. It consisted of experimental group (one session with a teacher and one session at home), comparative group1 (two sessions with a teacher) and comparative group2 (one session with a teacher). The students received the contents of family connection type sex education programs through a family notice, reviewing them once. As a result, the students participating in the family connection type sex education program have shown the much more positive changes to knowledge of sexual matters and a sexual attitude than ones who attended only the sessions with a teacher. They could also understand better gender differences between men and women and the physical changes from a secondary sex character, having good results in the representation learning and positive perception related to physical changes. Finally, this essay is the first one about family connection type sex education programs, being surely followed the further study of this field in the near future.

가정연계형, 성교육, 성지식, 성태도, Connection Type Sex Education Program, Knowledge of Sexual Matters, Sexual Matters, Sexual Attitude

이성용 Seong-yong Yi

DOI:10.34262/kadd.2023.27.2.2 Vol.27(No.2) 21-30, 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the validity of the question on the scale of college students’ acceptance attitude toward intellectual disability. To this end, 102 college students were a sked to respond to the measure of acceptance attitude for the intellectually disabled developed by Henry et al. (1999), and the following exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted. Confirmatory factor analysis is model suitability, concentrated validity, and discriminant validity verification. The SPSS statistical program and the AMOS program were used for validation and reliability analysis. As a result of the study, a total of 10 questions consisting of three factors were found to be valid for the final measure of acceptance attitude for the intellectually disabled. Most of the model suitability was found to be good. Concentrated validity and discriminant validity verification were also satisfied. The internal reliability of the item on the final scale was high at. 871. Based on these results, the measurement of the acceptance attitude of college students with intellectual disabilities in the future and the use of the results were discussed.

대학생, 지적장애인 수용태도, 척도 타당화, University Students, the Attitude of Accepting the Intellectually Disabilities, Validation of the Scale

이경환 Kyoung-hwan Lee , 강미라 Mi-ra Kang

DOI:10.34262/kadd.2023.27.2.3 Vol.27(No.2) 31-54, 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of mental health of parents of adult children with developmental disabilities. The specific purpose are as follows; First, to examine the level of caregviing stress and depression. Second, to find out the variables contributing to the explanation of caregiving stress and social support on depression. The survey subjects were included 260 parents who were caring for their adult children with developmental disabilities. Data were analyzed by using t-test, ANOVA’s statistics (Scheffe’s post hoc test), and multiple linear regression. Data were analyzed with the IBM SPSS statistical package version 27.0 and omega program. The results of this study are as follows: First, caregiving stress was found to be a statistically significant difference between the groups in health states and income. And depression was found to be a statistically significant difference in age, income, education, and health states. Second, distress, life upset and experts group support had significant effect on the depression. The variables showing effect on the depression, in the multiple linear regression, were life upset (β=.349) and distress (β=.275), and experts group support (β=-.150). These three variables explained 41.7% of depression, life upset was 34.9%, distress was 27.5%, and experts group support was 15.0% of variance. However, parents’ self-help group support was not significant. Social support-related experts group support showed a negative effect on symptoms of depression. The negative effect indicates that higher experts group support yields less symptoms of depression. Finally, discussions on mental health for parents caring for adults with developmental disabilities and recommendations for further study were suggested.

성인발달장애인의 부모, 돌봄스트레스, 사회적지지, 정신건강, 우울, Parents of Adults with Developmental Disabilities, Caregiving Stress, Social Support, Mental Health, Depression

선용인 Yong-in Seon , 하주현 Ju-hyun Hah

DOI:10.34262/kadd.2023.27.2.4 Vol.27(No.2) 55-72, 2023

The purpose of this study is to identify the employment status of people with developmental disabilities and to find out if there are differences in the perceptions of parents, assistants, and employment officers about the working environment and job skills of people with developmental disabilities. To this end, a survey was conducted targeting 182 parents, activity assistants, and employment officers of persons with developmental disabilities who were employed. For analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive statistics analysis, and analysis of variance were performed. As a result of the study, first, the percentage of people with intellectual disabilities in employment was high, and the type of work was contract work, the type of company was standard and sheltered work, the working hours were 11 to 20 hours per week, and the monthly wage was less than 500,000 won. The most preferred salary was between 500,000 won and less than 1 million won. Second, parents, assistants, and employment officers showed significant differences in perception in ‘salary level’, ‘equal treatment with non-disabled people’, and ‘rest time and facilities’ among the working environments of persons with developmental disabilities, and parents’ satisfaction was the lowest. and the satisfaction level of the employment officers was high. Third, parents, activity assistants, and employment officers showed significant differences in perception in the social variable “help request ability” among job skills of people with developmental disabilities, parents saw the lowest child’s ‘help request ability’, and employment officer saw the highest. The significance of this study is that it was possible to investigate the working status of the employment environment of people with developmental disabilities, and it was confirmed that there was a difference in perception of employment-related variables of people with developmental disabilities from the perspectives of parents, assistants, and employment officers.

발달장애인, 부모, 활동보조인, 취업담당관, 인식비교, People with Developmental Disabilities, Parents, Activity Assistants, Employment Officer, and Perception Comparison

채민 Min Chae

DOI:10.34262/kadd.2023.27.2.5 Vol.27(No.2) 73-94, 2023

This study explores the experience of self-determination centering on after-school activity for adolescents with developmental disabilities and analyzes the meaning of self-determination phenomenologically. To this end, interviews were conducted to analyze the meaning experienced by 6 adolescents with developmental disabilities, focusing on the core topic of ‘How is the experience of after-school activities for adolescents with developmental disabilities?’. As a result of the analysis, prior to the experience of self-determination in after-school activities, the participants lived a life with a sense of helplessness, doing ‘as told’ and ‘as told’. After experiencing self-determination in after-school activities, it was revealed that satisfaction, anticipation for new challenges, and experience of autonomous choice formed self-confidence and self-esteem. Understanding the experience of after-school activity for adolescents with developmental disabilities is meaningful in that it enables in-depth understanding of the process in which the right of self-determination of the parties is supported. In addition, it is expected to be a practical basic data for the value of self-determination of the parties and the improvement and development of after-school activity.

청소년 발달장애인 방과후활동서비스, 자기결정 경험, 현상학, Adolescents with Developmental Disabilities, After-School Activity, Experience of Self-Determination, Phenomenology

조은정 Eun-jung Cho , 김명난 Myeong-nan Kim , 김민하 Min-ha Kim , 조영희 Young-hee Cho

DOI:10.34262/kadd.2023.27.2.6 Vol.27(No.2) 95-114, 2023

This study was aimed at physical activity interventions for students with developmental disabilities to determine the effects of physical activity on the emotions of students with developmental disabilities. We selected 18 experimental studies from 2008 to 2022 that fit the topic of this study and conducted a meta-analysis using the statistical program R. The meta-analysis was conducted using the statistical program R. The analysis showed that the overall effect size of the physical activity intervention for students with developmental disabilities was large, with SMD=1.4486. When analyzing the effect size by moderating variables, we found that the effect size varied depending on the target age, moderator, and intervention group size. However, there were no differences in effect size by intervention area, emotional variable, intervention location, or intervention duration. Based on these findings, we discussed implications and field applications for developing effective physical activity interventions for students with developmental disabilities in the future, and finally, we presented the limitations of the study and suggestions for further research.

발달장애, 신체활동, 정서 변인, 메타분석, Developmental Disabilities, Physical Activity, Affective Variables, Meta-Analysis

김해든 Haedeun Kim , 박윤정 Youn-jung Park

DOI:10.34262/kadd.2023.27.2.7 Vol.27(No.2) 115-134, 2023

The purpose of this study is to find out the perception of needs and implementation levels of special education teachers for Easy-to-read materials for students with developmental disabilities. This study aims to provide basic data to students with developmental disabilities to promote the development of Easy-to-read materials. For this purpose, an online survey was conducted, and a total of 309 special education teachers from across the country participated. The data analysis was conducted using SPSS 21.0, and included descriptive statistics, paired and independent samples t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and post-hoc Scheffe tests. As a result, first, the perception of the need to development of Easy-to-read materials was high with an average of 4.56 and an implementation level of 3.89. Second, the analysis of the difference between the perception of the needs and implementation levels for the development of Easy-to-read materials showed that the perception was higher than the implementation levels in all areas, and this difference was statistically significant in all seven sub-areas. Third, the analysis of the difference in the perception of the needs and implementation levels for the development of Easy-to-read materials according to teacher background variables showed that there were significant differences between groups in terms of years of teaching experience and school levels for the perception, while there were significant differences between groups in terms of years of teaching experience, school levels, and understanding of the concept of Easy-to-read materials for the implementation levels. Based on the key findings, implications for the development of Easy-to-read materials for students with developmental disabilities and suggestions for further research were discussed.

발달장애학생, 읽기 쉬운 자료, 특수교사, Students with Developmental Disabilities, Easy-to-Read Material, Special Education Teachers

전소정 So-jeong Jeon

DOI:10.34262/kadd.2023.27.2.8 Vol.27(No.2) 135-159, 2023

This study aims to understand how adults in early adulthood who have siblings with severe disabilities perceive their family, how the perception of family appears in the present and future their nuclear family, and to explore counseling approaches for them. The study was conducted through in-depth interview with six selected participants over a period of six months, with each participant being interviewed averaging two to up to four times. The data were analyzed using Giorgi’s method, resulting in the identification of 53 central units of meaning and 17 thematic clusters. These clusters represented participants’ perception of their families, categorized into five themes: ‘strong bond’, ‘reciprocal relationship’, ‘deep-seated emotions,’hopeful light in the shadow of fear’, and "wish". Based on these findings, suggestions and recommendations are proposed for understanding and counseling support for the perceptions of adult siblings without disabilities toward their families, and for future research.

성인 비장애형제자매, 가족인식, 지원방안, 현상학적 연구, Non-disabled Adult Siblings, Perception of Family, Family Support Issues, Phenomenological Research

유애리 Aeri Yu , 윤성민 Sung-min Yoon

DOI:10.34262/kadd.2023.27.2.9 Vol.27(No.2) 161-179, 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between mothers of infants and toddlers with developmental disabilities and their perceived sleep problems and behaviors problem and to determine the mediating effects of parenting stress. Mothers of infants and toddlers with developmental disabilities aged 18 months to 5 years were surveyed at a private treatment center. The Korean version of the Child Behavior Checklist for ages 1.5-5(K-CBCL 1.5-5) was used to measure sleep and behaviors problem of infants and toddlers with developmental disabilities, and the Korean version of the Parenting Stress Index 4th Edition, Short Form (K-PSI-4-SF) was used to measure maternal parenting stress. The 205 completed questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and the Process macro. The results showed that sleep problems in infants and toddlers with developmental disabilities were significant positive correlation to behaviors problem (internalizing and externalizing) and maternal parenting stress. The maternal parenting stress was also showed significant positive correlation to behaviors problem (internalizing and externalizing). Higher levels of sleep problems were associated with increased behaviors problem (internalizing and externalizing) in infants and toddlers with developmental disabilities. In the result of bootstrapping using the Process Macro to verify the significance of mediating effects. Maternal parenting stress was found to partially mediate the relationship between sleep problems and behavior problems (internalizing and externalizing) in infants and toddlers with developmental disabilities. This suggests that more severe sleep problems in infants and toddlers with developmental disabilities associated with increased maternal parenting stress, which in turn may lead to increased behavior problems (internalizing and externalizing) in infants and toddlers with developmental disabilities.

영유아기 발달장애, 수면 문제, 문제행동, 양육 스트레스, 매개 효과, Infants and Toddlers with Developmental Disabilities, Sleep Problems, Behavior Problems, Maternal Parenting Stress, Mediating Effects

소리 Ri So , 강경선 Kyung-sun Kang

DOI:10.34262/kadd.2023.27.2.10 Vol.27(No.2) 181-195, 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of music-based social story intervention on disruptive behaviors exhibited by adolescents with developmental disabilities. The study included three participants who were referred by welfare workers at a developmental disability center in City A. The research utilized a multiple baseline design across participants using a partial interval recording method. The music-based social story intervention was individually implemented for each participant with the aim of modifying their disruptive behaviors, including making noise, adopting inappropriate postures, and touching self or others’ bodies or objects. The results of the study indicated that the average frequency of noise-making behavior for the three participants was 30 occurrences during the baseline phase, which decreased to an average of 10.3 occurrences during the final five sessions after the intervention. In terms of inappropriate postures, the average frequency during the baseline phase was 41 occurrences, which decreased to an average of 9.3 occurrences during the final five sessions after the intervention. Lastly, regarding touching self or others’ bodies or objects, the average frequency during the baseline phase was 33.3 occurrences, which decreased to an average of 9.4 occurrences during the final five sessions after the intervention. These findings suggest that the use of music-based repetitive learning, individualized social story construction, and a multisensory approach incorporating visual materials were effective in reducing disruptive behaviors among the three participants. The study highlights the positive and desirable effects of music therapy intervention utilizing social story in reducing disruptive behaviors and promoting desirable behaviors in adolescents with developmental disabilities.

사회적 상황이야기, 음악치료, 발달장애 청소년, Social Stories, Music Therapy, Adolescents with Developmental Disabilities

김동일 Dong-il Kim , 전유라 Yoora Jeon , 김희은 Hee-eun Kim , 전영선 Young-sun Jeon

DOI:10.34262/kadd.2023.27.2.11 Vol.27(No.2) 197-213, 2023

This study attempted to present the direction of Korean language education for multicultural learners by conducting intensive reading intervention based on the Intervention Response Model (RTI) for elementary school students and analyzing its effects. To this end, after conducting a group screening test on 3rd to 5th graders at 6 elementary schools in S-si, Gyeonggi-do in March 2021, eight students from multicultural families with poor basic education and difficulty in language communication were provided with RTI-based reading intensive intervention programs. Pre- and post-testing of BASA reading, initial literacy, vocabulary, and reading comprehension tests were analyzed to confirm the effectiveness of the study participants’ intervention programs. As a result of the study, the reading ability of all participating students improved when the grade was not classified, and among them, the third grade showed a significant improvement in the blank filling test and vocabulary score. According to the results of the LDST test, the risk of learning disabilities in fourth-grade students was significantly increased. Through this, it was confirmed that intensive reading intervention was effective in improving the reading ability of students from multicultural families. The results of this study suggested that it could serve as basic data for the development of effective learning programs to improve basic learning functions in the Korean language area for learners from multicultural families in the future, and suggested the direction of Korean language education for students from multicultural families.

다문화 학생, 읽기 중재, 중재반응모델, 학습부진, 학습장애, Multicultural Students, Reading Intervention, Intervention Response Model, Poor Learning, Learning Disability

민기연 Ki-yeon Min , 주란 Ran Ju

DOI:10.34262/kadd.2023.27.2.12 Vol.27(No.2) 215-234, 2023

This study analysed media coverage trends of the web articles related to Autism Spectrum Disorders from year 2010 to 2021. To this end, web articles produced and distributed through the Internet portal were collected and analyzed, big data analysis was used to analyze a wide range of article data. The finally collected 70,703 news big data were compared and analyzed by dividing them into two periods based on the time of enactment and enforcement of Act on Guarantee of Rights of and Support for Persons with Developmental Disabilities. First, identify changes in the amount of web articles related to the topic and through the analysis of the key words by period to examine important contents in media articles, topic modeling analysis based on Latent Dirichlet Assignment (LDA) was conducted to derive topics. The results of the study are as follows: 1) Through Keyword Frequency Analysis on news big data, it was confirmed that reports related to autism spectrum disorder were made from various perspectives over time. 2) Through topic modeling analysis of news big data, it was confirmed that there is a difference in topics that are important for each period. In the second period, keywords and topics related to support policies for people with developmental disabilities were derived. Finally, the media and society’s perception of autism disorder has been confirmed and implications have been discussed.

자폐성장애, 발달장애, 언론 보도, 주제어빈도분석, 토픽모델링, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Developmental Disabilities, Media Coverage, Keyword Frequency Analysis, Topic Modeling

노미정 Mi-jung Noh , 오희진 Hee-jin Oh

DOI:10.34262/kadd.2023.27.2.13 Vol.27(No.2) 235-255, 2023

This study analyzed the medical experience in the life of patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder through the stories of their guardians and tried to convey what kind of medical experiences the patients and guardians had in detail, and tried to find out this process through narrative analysis. As a result of the study, the guardians of patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder constantly feel the responsibility as the guardian in the process of diagnosis, treatment, and hospitalization, and the medical experience of patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder is not about medicine but focuses on the medical person who is a medium to access medical care. It was found that it had been In addition, the medical experience of patients with Autism Spectrum Disorders progressed along with the patient’s growth, and it did not end at the hospital, but expanded to schools and welfare facilities. Based on these research results, practical suggestions such as the connection between medical care, education, welfare, and standardized guides were presented.

자폐스펙트럼장애, 내러티브, 의료경험, 보호자, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Narrative, Medical Experience, Caregiver

김호준 Ho-jun Kim , 전재수 Jae-soo Jeon

DOI:10.34262/kadd.2023.27.2.14 Vol.27(No.2) 257-274, 2023

This study is aimed to conduct in-depth comparison and analysis on the multidimensional context influencing severely disabled people’s employment and employment retention through their empirical life. This is intended to explore ways to promote the successful independence and high-quality employment of the severely disabled from the standpoint of the severely disabled who are the main parties of labor. To the end, this researcher collected data through the narrative interview method from severely disabled people who had successfully settled in the general labor market for a long time and then analyzed them according to Oevermann’s objective hermeneutics analysis procedure. As a result, this study has found symbolic semantic structures such as disability as objective reality, my childhood that was unusual and usual at the same time, appearance, the future seemingly isolated, decoupling and inconsistent duties, and the unreasonable labor of reasonability. By performing in-depth analysis on severely disabled workers’ lives before and after getting a job and identifying the effects on their employment and employment retention, this author has discussed the implications over the future employment policy management for the disabled.

중증장애인, 장애인 직업생활, 장애인 고용, 객관적 해석학, 질적연구, the Severely Disabled, Disabled, the Vocational Life of the Disabled, the Employment of the Disabled, Objective Hermeneutics, Qualitative Research

김혜선 Hye-sun Kim , 정혜림 Hea-lim Jung , 김유리 Yu-ri Kim

DOI:10.34262/kadd.2023.27.2.15 Vol.27(No.2) 275-297, 2023

This study aimed to analyze literature on person-centered planning (PCP) for individual with severe developmental disabilities and suggest implications for future research and practices. A total of 20 research studies published by 2023 was selected and analysed in terms of research trends and research themes using systematic scopoing review. The findings suggested that there was a small number of studies on PCP for individual with severe developmental disabilities and more attention was given to the studies recently. Second, the PCP was employed for individual with severe developmental disabilities across life phases. Third, previous studies were caategorised into three themes including (1) positive effects of PCP, (2) the difficulties in applying PCP, and (3) how to promote participation of individual with severe developmental disabilities and their families in PCP. Based on these findings, implications for practices and future research were discussed.

중도장애, 발달장애, PCP, 개인중심계획, Severe Disability, Developmental Disability, Person-Centered Planning

김영석 Young-seok Kim

DOI:10.34262/kadd.2023.27.2.16 Vol.27(No.2) 299-316, 2023

The purpose of this study was to derive implications for the diagnosis and education of students with intellectual disabilities by the newly embodimentism in cognitive science. The embodimentism has considered cognition as the embodiment enacted through structural coupling with the environment. In the diagnosis of intellectual disability, the implications of embodimentism were the necessity of evaluation through the embodiment in the specific context, the evolution of intellectual functionality and adaptive behavior through experience, and the change in environmental concepts and roles. In the education of students with intellectual disabilities, the implications of embodimentism were emphasis on competency rather than knowledge, recommendation on the use of cognitive-support media, and application of a descriptive evaluation method relative with experience and behavior. Cognitive science has been closely related to the field of intellectual disability, and it is necessary to continuously review research in the field of intellectual disability by the perspective of the embodimentism.

지적장애, 체화주의, 인지과학, Intellectual Disability, Embodimentism, Cognition Science

강은영 Eun-young Kang , 주교영 Kyo-young Joo , 김동현 Dong-hyun Kim

DOI:10.34262/kadd.2023.27.2.17 Vol.27(No.2) 317-335, 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the operating status of itinerant education as of the 2022 school year in order to find a more practical and effective way to operate itinerant education. To this end, based on the reports of 113 teachers in charge who work as itinerant education teachers at the special education support centers of 11 regional education support offices of the Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education, a total of 155 itinerant education cases were investigated and analyzed. It was found that there was a correlation according to the ratio of general schools without special class for the number of subjects of itinerant education by region, with the highest number of students attending kindergarten, elementary, and middle and high schools in that order. Based on one student, once a week was the most, and it was found that most of them were taking classes for one hour per class. The rate of receiving itinerant education in the form of individual education in a separate place was high, but in the case of kindergarten, itinerant education within the inclusion class was relatively active. In the itinerant education area, the ratio of Korean language and mathematics was high, and in the case of kindergarten, the communication area of social relations also showed a high rate. The connection between the individualized education plan (IEP) and itinerant education was not well established (75.5%), and the rate of not participating in the individualized education support team was overwhelmingly high (94.2%). There was some cooperation with the teacher in charge or parents, but it was not active, and the time to travel for itinerant education was more than 1 hour, and it was found that more than 1 hour of preparation time was required for associate education. Based on these results, the implications for the desirable operation plan of future itinerant education were discussed.

순회교육, 통합교육, 순회교사, 실태조사, Itinerant Education, Inclusion, Itinerant Education Teachers, Survey

최현영 Hyun-young Choi , 백봄소리 Bomsori Baek , 노충래 Choong-rai Nho

DOI:10.34262/kadd.2023.27.2.18 Vol.27(No.2) 337-353, 2023

This study aims to examine the practical meaning of welfare for the disabled through online comment analysis using big data text mining in the activities of the people with developmental disabilities on YouTube video channels. To this end, ‘Development Disability YouTuber’ was searched as a keyword among YouTube video channels from August 15th to 17th, 2022 to maintain the channel for more than one year among the top YouTubers based on the number of subscribers, have more than 10,000 subscribers, and select a total of 350 comments and analyze a total of 245 comments. As a research method, the comment data extracted through python crawling was pre-processed, visualized by the comment key keyword frequency bar and word cloud, and then LDA topic modeling was performed to analyze it. As a result of the study, in the keyword frequency analysis, verb keywords were in the order of “Be happy, pretty, funny, respectful, and thank you,” and nouns were in the order of “parents, brothers, friends.” As a result of LDA topic modeling analysis, three statistically significant topics were derived, and as a result of extracting eight comments representing each topic and giving them titles, (1) happiness, desire (2) appreciation, support (3) love, respect, and subscription. Finally, based on the results of the comment analysis of video content on YouTube with developmental disabilities, practical significance in the welfare field was presented.

빅데이터 텍스트마이닝, 발달장애 유튜버, 발달장애 유튜브 댓글, Big Data Text Mining, Developmental Disability YouTuber, YouTube Comments with Developmental Disabilities